ETCHED FBG WRITTEN IN MULTIMODE FIBERS: SENSING CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS IN THE LIQUID FUELS SECTOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742015v14i1426Keywords:
Optical fiber transducer, chemical sensor, refractometric sensor, biodiesel analysisAbstract
In this work, a refractometric fiber sensor for the liquid fuels sector is described. The use of etched FBGs produced in multimode fibers is proposed to overcome the drawbacks associated with sensing high refractive index samples employing fiber transducers. The transducer sensitivity can be tailored by adjusting the final diameter of the etched Bragg grating. Due to a trade-off between the signal-to-noise ratio and the sensitivity, operational parameters of the sensor must be designed to match the expected refractive index dynamic range for specific applications. Metrological properties of the sensor are determined, resulting in resolution from 5.6 % v/v to 0.4 % v/v for refractive indexes ranging from 1.4562 to 1.4729. Specific applications regarding the quality assessment of biodiesel and conformity analysis of diesel-biodiesel blends are discussed.
References
Informação, vol. 19, pp. 1-4, 2002.
[2] ANP Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis – Brasil, Anuário Estatístico Brasileiro do
Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, 2012.
[3] http://www2.camara.leg.br/legin/fed/lei/2014/lei-13033-24-setembro-2014-779372-publicacaooriginal-1450.
[4] L. L. Guarieiro, M. N. Ribeiro, A. C. Pinto, “Desenvolvimento de metodologias para a quantificação das misturas
Biodiesel:Diesel por infravermelho”, 3º Congresso Brasileiro de P&D em Petróleo e Gás, IBP0250_5, 2005.
[5] R. C. M. Faria, M. J. C. Rezende, A. C. Pinto, “Quantificação das misturas Biodiesel:Diesel: Desenvolvimento,
Validação e Aplicação de uma nova metodologia Empregando Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas”, in 4º
Congresso Brasileiro de P&D em Petróleo e Gás Natural, 8.4.0057, pp.1-10, 2007.
[6] F. P. Fagundes, A. S. Silva, S. R. O. Souto, R. B. Garcia, M. Costa, “Utilização de Técnicas Espectroscópicas na
Determinação do Percentual do Biodiesel em Misturas Binárias com o Diesel”, in 4º Congresso Brasileiro de P&D em
Petróleo e Gás Natural, 4.4.0413, pp.1-9, 2007.
[7] W.L. Xie and H.T. Li “Hydroxyl content and refractive index determinations on transesterified soybean oil”, Journal of
the American Oil Chemists' Society, vol. 83, pp. 869–872, 2006.
[8] R. Falate, K. Nike, P. R. C. Neto, E, Cação Jr., M Muller, H. J. Kalinowski, J. L. Fabris, “Alternative technique for
biodiesel quality control using an optical fiber long-period grating sensor”, Química Nova, v. 30, p. 1677-1680, 2007.
[9] M. S. Kawano, B. R. Heidemann, T. K. M. Cardoso, G. R. C. Possetti, R. C. Kamikawachi, M. Muller, J. L. Fabris,
“Tailoring fiber grating sensors for assessment of highly refractive fuels”, Applied Optics, v. 51, p. 2015-2022, 2012.
[10] G. R. C. Possetti, R. C. Kamikawachi, M. Muller, J. L. Fabris, “Optical fiber sensor temperature coded for
concentration measurement of oil-biodiesel blends”, Optical Fiber Technology, v. 19, p. 543-548, 2013.
[11] G. Tsigaridas, D. Polyzos, A. Ioannou, M. Fakis, P. Persephonis, “Theoretical and experimental study of refractive
index sensors basedon etched fiber Bragg gratings”, Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 209, pp. 9-15, 2014.
[12] B. N. Shivananju, M. Renilkumar, G. R. Prashanth, S. Asokan, and M. M. Varma, “Detection Limit of Etched Fiber
Bragg Grating Sensors”, Jounal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 31, pp. 2441-2447, 2013.
[13] G. R. C. Possetti, R. C Kamikawachi, M. Muller and J. L. Fabris, "Metrological evaluation of optical fiber gratingbased sensors: an approach towards the standardization", Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 30, pp. 1 – 11, 2011.